Zoothera citrina or Orange-headed Thrush

The Orange-headed Thrush is 205–235 millimeters (8.1–9.25 in) long and weighs 47–60 gram-mes (1.7–2.1 oz). The adult male of the nominate subspecies of this little thrush has a wholly orange head and underparts, uniformly gray upper-parts and wings, and white median and under tail coverts. it's a slate-colored bill and therefore the legs and feet have brown fronts and pink or yellowish rears.

 

The female resembles the male however has browner or a lot of olive upper-parts and warm brown wings, however some previous females are virtually the image of the male. The juvenile is uninteresting brown with buff streaks on its back, and a rufous tone to the top and face; it's gray wings. The bill is brownish horn, and therefore the legs and feet are brown.

This species' orange and gray plumage is extremely distinctive, and it's unlikely to be confused with the other species. variations between the subspecies, as described higher than, will be quite placing, like the robust head pattern on Z. c. cyanotus, however is also less obvious variations in plumage tone, or whether or not there's white on the folded wing. like different Zoothera thrushes, all sorts of this species shows a particular underwing pattern, with a robust white band.

Voice

Calls of the Orange-headed Thrush embody a soft chuk or tchuk, a screeching teer-teer-teer, and a skinny tsee or dzef given in flight. However, this bird is usually silent particularly in winter. The song could be a loud clear series of variably sweet lilting musical notes, recalling the standard of the Common Blackbird, however with the a lot of repetitive structure of the Song Thrush. It additionally includes imitations of different birds like bulbuls, babblers and customary Tailorbird. It sings from a perch during a leafy tree, largely early morning and late afternoon.

The Orange-headed Thrush could be a keep, secretive bird typically occurring alone or in pairs, however is relatively a lot of simply seen than several different Zoothera thrushes, and a number of other birds might congregate outside the breeding season at an honest food supply. it's a swift, silent flight, however when disturbed can typically sit motionless till the threat has passed.


Breeding

The nest, engineered by each sexes, could be a wide however shallow cup of twigs, bracken and rootlets lined with softer plant material like leaves, moss and conifer needles. it's made at a height of up to four.5 metres (15 ft) during a little tree or bush, with mango trees and occasional bushes being most well-liked. 3 or four, often 5, eggs are laid; they're cream or tinted with pale blue, gray or inexperienced, and have pale lilac blotches and reddish brown spots. they're incubated for 13–14 days to hatching, with another twelve days till the young birds leave the nest.

This species could be a host of the Pied Cuckoo, Clamator jacobinus, a brood parasite that lay one egg within the nest.[3] not like the Common Cuckoo, neither the hen nor the hatched chick evict the host's eggs, however the host’s young typically die as a result of they can not compete successfully with the cuckoo for food. The Chestnut-winged Cuckoo, Clamator coromandus, and, terribly rarely, the Common Cuckoo, Cuculus canorus have additionally been claimed as parasites on this species.

 

Feeding

The Orange-headed Thrush feeds on the bottom in dense undergrowth or different thick cowl. it's most active at dawn and dusk, probing the leaf litter for insect and their larvae, spiders, different invertebrates and fruit. In Malaysia, wintering birds frequently prey on figs

Serinus Canaria Varities and Its Breeding

Ancestor of all existing walnut (serinus Canaria) is a generation offspring of wild canaries (serinus serinus) which can be found to breed freely in the Canary Islands and the mainland of northeastern Africa. Canary bird is not the original or the Canary Islands, but deliberately introduced . The first time bird islands, there is a ship with a cage full of canaries sank near the island and a sailor off the birds with a view to being drowned. Many of these birds to the nearest island and landed there they found a lot of food and climate are suitable for breeding.

When the Spaniards know about canaries, they began arresting and menangarkannya canaries.A pet canary birds are valuable and immediately became popular, especially when varieties of Canary yellow, brown and red are created.+ Varieties of walnutsThere are five "varieties" canary today.The first variety is the variety of songs (song variety) which is the development of a walnut walnuts to produce a good singing abilities and more or less ignore the color of the bird.The second variety is the color of walnut varieties (color Bred variety) which is a result of the pursuit of quality breeding of color with more or less ignore the beauty of the singing of the canary.The third variety is the canary posture (canary of posture) the canary that was developed with little attention to the color of fur and completely ignores the problem track.The fourth variety is the canary mule or hybrid (the hybrid mule and canaries) the results of a cross between a canary bird canary with other finch species to produce offspring that have certain characteristics that stand out, whether it's in the issue of color, song, posture, or a combination of the three varieties of the former (this example is a lizard with a cross yorkshire, or yorkshire with blacktrouth and so on).The fifth variety is a hybrid variety from all the different varieties of the above are not engineered for specific purposes as necessary "to satisfy" the desire of people to be cultivated birds of any kind.In other words, five varieties of walnuts on top is kind of nuts that can be called or linked as a result of the mutant and the mulatto.Varieties developed and the "extinction": walnut varieties can be divided in a variety of relatively still exist and continue to be developed and rare varieties or is currently almost no aselinya form.Varieties developed:

    * American Singer Canary
    * Belgian Fancy Canary
    * Border Fancy Canary
    * Color Bred Canary
    * Crested Canary
    * Fife Fancy Canary
    * Gloster Fancy Canary
    * Lizard Canary
    * Northern Dutch Frilled Canary
    * Norwich Canary
    * Parisian Frilled Canary
    * Red Factor Canary
    * Roller Canary
    * Spanish Canary Timbrado
    * Stafford Canary
    * Waterslager Canary
    * Yorkshire Canary
    * Scotch Fancy CanaryRare varieties:

    * Lancashire Canary
    * Cinnamon Canary
    * London Fancy CanaryA. American Singer CanaryAmerican Singer Canary is a walnut that is physically beautiful and have a melodious voice in his ear. American Singer Canary is the result of crosses between Border canary who is known to look beautiful and the Roller canary has a lovely voice. Walnuts are often referred to as the best walnut, both in terms of the posture and voice. Being a small walnut active life, the American Singer Canary is a good choice for beginners and experienced keepers. It is strong, powerful, and easy to maintain.Nevertheless, the American Singer Canary is classified as one of the "song canary", which is bred to produce walnuts with a melodious voice and not on physical appearance or color. Basically, every "song canaries" should have a distinctive type of song, song standards are clear and distinct from the varieties ": song canary" other. Walnut types are classified into the "canary song" Another Roller Canary, Timbrado Spanish, Russian Singer Canary and Canary Waterslager.Distribution: American Singer Canary was developed in the 1930s, a group of women olehj which became known as "The Eight Boston House Wives". They initially floated the idea to develop a beautiful addition to walnuts also have a beautiful song. American Singer Canary was originally called the "North American canary" and resulting from crossing the German Roller Canary (30%) and the Border Canary (70%). Bird is the most widely spread in America.American Singer Canary berbodi along about 5 3/4 inches (14.6 cm) and come in various colors including yellow, white fans, green, blue, orange, bronze, brown, fawn, and various other colors.2. Belgian Fancy CanaryBelgian Fancy Canary is one walnut varieties that have an important position in the history of walnuts because walnuts reduce the number of varieties are most popular today. Its main influence is on the development of a walnut "frill" and walnuts "posture. As a canary "posture", then this is more emphasized walnut varieties on the development of physical appearance rather than color or song. They are categorized as a canary "posture" to form a hump posture as an inverted half moon. Bird "posture canary" is another famous Scotch Fancy Canary and Italian Gibber Italicus.Belgian Fancy Canary impressive to look like a bird or a defect, a small head like a snake's head. Walnuts are difficult bred and hatched eggs generally using another canary .. Bird breeding is relatively more difficult than the color of walnut. Anyway, this bird is not good at caring for puppies.3. Border Fancy CanaryBorder Fancy Canary including "type canary" developed to produce walnuts with good physical and not on the track. Dubbed as the "Wee Gem", this bird showed small stature, a beautiful, compact and sturdy body. Has a rounded body with a very shiny coat. This canary yellow at most shows, though also found in many other colors.First developed in the border (border) between England and Scotland, these birds are sometimes confused with Gloster canaries, although it can be distinguished from the shape of his head. In the offshore race, the spherical shape of the bird is to determine the assessment results. This border canaries reach lengths of 14 cm.4. Color Bred CanaryOne of the most popular varieties of all canaries are Color Bred Canaries. This kept the birds in almost all corners of the world. Color Bred Canary is a beautiful little bird for those who put the bird with a specific color appearance. Color Bred Canary Bird is not only be beautiful, but also active and very entertaining. These birds are fairly easy to maintain pleasant but relatively not easy to breed, so they require special attention if we want to keep the color breeding walnut walnuts produce offspring that are also colorful.Color Bred Canary canary varieties including relatively new, developed from mid-1900. Today there are several hundred versions of Color Bred Canary birds.5. Crested CanaryIncluding "type canary", canary Canary Crested Crest or older and classified as a type of canary and has been around in the 1950s. Initially known as the Turn crown and at the beginning of this century known as the King of the fancy (King of Fantasy). this crowned bird must be large and expanding from the middle of the head and spread out to the front until the beak is almost parallel to the eye so the eye is almost closed. It also expands the crown toward the back of the head.Crested Canary good crown should have a good shape, wide and thick with dense fur and soft. Canary bird the crown is large and must have a large head, short neck and large body areas, such as walnuts norwich. Crest anyone has any type of crown, but others have a plain head without a crown.Another popular type as a "type canary" crested (crowned. frayed) is Gloster Canary, Stafford Canary Crested, Crested Norwich Canary, Lancashire Canary and Crested.6. Fife Fancy CanaryFife Fancy Canary is a "type canary", bred to have certain physical characteristics rather than to produce a color or a singing voice. Walnuts are renewed developed in the 1950s by Scottish breeder and other breeders in the area called Fife. Fife fancy bird birds border but is actually a smaller body size.So called because they are practically the same overall shape, except for the difference in size. The size of this bird should be no more, and 11 cm. These birds are very easily bred and can provide a very wide variation in feather.7. Gloster Fancy CanaryGloster Canary has two versions. A tuft of bird known as the 'Corona', while the plain at the head without a crown called Consort .. Including "type canary", Gloster Fancy Canary relatively new types of canaries. Gloster canary is small, with no more than a body length and 11 cm. Gloster canaries intentionally bred to the kind of small and always tried to be small, so that these animals should not exceed ± 11 cm and entering competitions abroad.In the pictures that can be found in books about canaries we will be able to see that this canary yellow color with white or greenish wing forage, as part of its tail. At the head of Gloster canaries have crested, but some are not.8. Lizard CanaryThis beautiful little bird is one of the oldest types of canaries who have had a long history. Including the "type canary", Lizard is almost extinct in the early 1900s. As a result of two world wars and epidemics, Lizard Canary population is reduced to only a few pairs only when it starts to develop again in the mid-1940s. Thanks to the Lizard Canary Association in the United Kingdom, today Lizard canaries can grow again with the fertile and is one of the canaries ..Lizard Canary (canary lizard) is approximately 14 cm in length is identical to the color of his fur that resembles a lizard scales. Lizard predominantly yellow fur and the white color Canary.Lizard developed in France in the 1700s. In 1945, the association was formed Lizard fans in the UK with the aim of these birds to breed again and today is one of the Lizard Canary canary birds are quite popular.9. Northern Dutch Frilled CanaryDeveloped as a "type canary" in the 18th century, Northern Dutch Frilled Canary frill starts from the walnuts. Frill canary is then appear with various types that spread to many countries. Today known Frill and the Netherlands, Italy, Paris. As the name implies, Northern Dutch Frilled Canary was developed in the northern Netherlands, While the Japanese have produced a kind of small frill.Generally this type of frill classified as a large bird, because its length can be more and 20 cm.There are three parts called the mantle, jabot, and fin. Mantle (welding) is the feathers on the back that cut back and fell in sinietnis. Jabot is a wavy fur on his chest and curled inward. Jabot has to come and each side of the chest to form a crease that meet in the middle like a form of closed shells. Moderate feathering fin is long, really came frayed and thigh and move up around the wing. Beautiful frill canary birds can be very beautiful, but poor canary bird would be suggestive of odd and strange because of it. The birds are classified as a noodle bird of good cattle.10. Norwich CanaryDeveloped as a "type canary", this bird has its own history. Flam-weaver weavers nation that nurtures these birds had fled to England, to avoid massacre the Spaniards. They live in the Norwich area in Norflok (UK). These were the ones keeping this bird sustainable. Norwich canary is a canary today that interesting.These birds have a thick fur group and has a versatile form of "round". With a broad chest, short back broad, short wings and short tail, and short half-life as well. These birds are numerous and have a  interesting green color. These rare birds are white. Between 15-16 cm in length.11. Parisian Frilled CanaryFrilled canaries are also known as canary Paris. Parisian Frilled Canary is one of the largest of all known varieties of the current frill. Parisian Frilled Canary is an exciting and beautiful birds. Tail feathers on this bird frayed, and there is also a helmet on his head, there is a cap on the forehead, side-burn have any effect on the cheek, and there is also a fur collar.As "type Canar ', Parisian Frilled Canary bred to achieve the physical appearance of the bird, not the sound or color. However, the Parisian Frilled Canary is a good singer, similar to most other nuts.There are many different varieties of canaries are frayed. For example, French Frill, Fiorina Frill, Colored (Milanese) Frill, Gibber Italicus, Giboso Espanol, Japanese Frill, Northern Dutch Frill, Southern Dutch Frill, Munich Frill, Scotch Fancy Frill, Swiss Frill, Roebekian Frill, Hunchback Frill, Brazilian Frill, and even varieties such as crested and Florin Padovan Frill Frill.12. Red Factor CanaryWalnuts are first developed in the 1930s by Dr. Hans Duncker (Germany) with a red cross Siskin (male) with a canary yellow (female). Some people say that the ancestors of canary yellow used Roller Hans is German, while others believe the Border Canary.Red Factor Canary is one of the walnuts are very popular. birds and passionate are very active. These birds are relatively easy to maintain but need considerable effort breeding so hard to produce good offspring.Red Factor Canary including "canary color" and in fact also the Color Bred Canary but it has a "red factor" as part of its genetic structure.13. Roller CanaryRoller canary that was developed as a "song canary" because of the beauty of her voice is also called the German Roller Canary or Hartz Mountain Roller Canary. Roller Canary bred on a large scale in the Hartz Mountains. In these mountains there is a working family ratusa canary breed and train.The old way used to train these birds is to put the bird into a small cage and let the bird is known for listening to bird sounds beautiful voice (which had won the match, for example). But nowadays people use voice LPs or cassette tapes as pemaster.Included as a "song canary," as well as the Waterslager Roller Canary, Russian Singer Canary, American Singer Canary, and Spanish Timbrado.14. Spanish Canary TimbradoVaretas Timbrado Spanish Canary is the latest of the "song canary", developed in Spain in the 1940s and the 1950s. Physical form of this bird resembles a stunted form of natural canary because it is a cross between the wild canary finches chirp Spain. Combination of them produces a bird that has a very unique song. This bird's name, as does his voice, reminiscent of the beat castanyet Spain. Although loud, the sound of birds are not noisy or deafening.Although known as a great song, these birds can be enjoyed also on their physical appearance is beautiful. They were bred from sires with a variety of colors and has a crystal singing. Spanish walnut Timbrado must have good balance between sound quality and variety of songs. This bird has a different sound standards with "song canary" such as walnuts Roller, American Singer, Russian Singer, and Waterslager.15. Stafford CanaryStafford Canary canary has a unique history of development. Standard of development canary bird Stafford has been determined before this started ternak.Alkisah exercised, in the 1970's, there is a group of breeders canary canary color was developed in mainland Europe. The group is named Deutche Koife interested to create a variety "type canary" colors (especially red and rose) but also the tuft. Finally, they define their own standards for the bird called the Stafford Canary, which is a cross between Gloster and Red Factor canaries.Stafford Canary then comes up with its own branding, there is a tuft and some are plain but the basic color of red and rose. Canary and Stafford created is beautiful and very popular with canary breeders in Europe.16. Waterslager CanaryPopularity has spread since Waterslager walnuts throughout history and continues to grow with properties as expected since the bird was "created". This bird is famous for his songs that resemble ripples and drops of water, tinkling bells and whistles flutes. Although his voice is not as hard as some other types of nuts, Waterslager able to voice a soft song (to the medium), and nearly drove the popularity of the song tracks all types of canaries singing or "song canary".Basically Waterslager developed and maintained to get the children or descendants who also have a balance between sound quality and distinctive songs Waterslager. Several other birds which developed as a "song canary" was canary Roller, American Singer, Russian Singer, and Spanish Timbrado.17. Yorkshire CanaryYorkshire canary developed as a "type canary" and is a cross between a canary and the canary lancashire Belgium. Yorkshire form sometimes described as an inverted carrot. These birds always stand tall, with long legs. Bird by Europeans often called "The Guardsman" or "Gentleman of the Fancy" has a length of approximately 16 cm.18. Scotch Fancy CanarynndcaDi among bird enthusiasts in the UK, the bird known as the Bird O Circle, due to the formation and head to the tail end of the time competed semicircular. In the game there is the position, motion, or sound to be exhibited by a canary. Unusual circumstances of thisIt is found prominently in the area of ​​Scotland and northern England, whereas in the southern region of the bird is not popular. Scotch birds should have a small head, slightly more rounded and the head of Belgium canary. Her neck was slender and pan which, fully charged, but narrow shoulders and rounded, its wing length and strongly attached to the body, long legs and strong and well terpentang.19. Lancashire CanaryThis is a kind of canary canary of the largest in the UK. This type is rarely found it in its original form. More of this bird is crossed with other types to get a great body. Anyone have this type of crown or crest of the call lancashire coppy, and some are plain and the head is called lancashire plain head.20. Cinnamon CanaryCinnamon birds have in common today with Norwich canary bird and quite interesting. These birds have a thick fur group and has a versatile form of "round". With a broad chest, short back broad, short wings and short tail, and short half-life as well. Cinnamon is a lot of birds that have a green color menanik. Cinnamon walnut rarely white. Between 15-16 cm in length.21. London Fancy CanaryLondon Fancy Canary is said to have become extinct, and the canary is difficult to trace its origin. This bird is really very beautiful. Bright golden-colored fur with black wings and tail, which menaggalkan very impressive contrast. London Fancy Canary classified as a type of English walnut is very old, and originally had black spots.Back to ARTICLES MENU+ Characteristics of male and femaleAlthough determining the sex of canaries is not easy and those who have already experienced too many difficulties, but there are tips that can be used (but not an absolute):

   A. Since the age of 3 days a vein in the right abdomen will fall into the "vent (vent / anus) and toward the front of the" vee "which is at the front of the" vent, is seen in male canaries are still young. But these veins will not appear on the female canary. Although these vessels are all male canary, it would be better if the male canary analyze before they grow fur.
   2. At 5-8 days, take all the children walnuts contained in the same nest (one parent) towel and put it into alignment as the existing position of horse racing on the racetrack. That jumps the farthest is the male canary.
   3. These birds, if kept under foot center has a long while others have three feet that have the same length. One that has long legs center would be difficult to join the others and this is a male canary. Female canaries are easier to join his three paws have the same size.
   4. Look at the back of their bones. Spine along the male canary color is more rigid and more concentrated. For the female color until stiff and pekatnya not along the spine. That way it can be identified.
   5. Before anaka children are hairy canary. Liatlah to their head. For a male is more flattened (flat). For the females are more rounded.
   6. Around the age of 6-7 days anak2 canary began to open eyes. If the male then his eyes level with his beak. For the females, half of which lies above the eyes may result in more rounded head.
   7. When anak2 walnut fed by its mother disarangnya. Note that anak2 behavior. The highest standing, shouted the loudest and most want to be fed first it means the male. That female legs are shorter so they do not stand tall and hence they are fed less than the male.
   8. Age 28-30 days some young kenari2 seen practicing their voice to sing well. Not the best start singing it looks best, 2 is just like the birds chirping early practice only.
   9. About 5 months or 5 months over 2 weeks, usually a male canary colors are brighter. in certain parts of the color is sharper, especially near the head section. Center of the head on a female canary yellow will be very bright.
  10. Had 6 months of age has not caught kalaminnya type, which is mixed between kenari2 kenari2 then. Female canaries would sit more due to the lower body structure. And also usually the female canary male will fight with walnuts when they want to practice singing or his voice. Although the females in a state of not being in this time of laying and just want to sing it ..Back to ARTICLES MENU+ How to choose a canaryGiven the number of chestnut varieties developed at this time, then to choose the canary must be adapted to its purpose. Namely, whether to choose a posture canary (type canary), walnut singer (song canary), walnut color (color canary), or a mixture of types, or just an important semmbarang walnuts. If you would like a walnut with a great song, of course, can choose walnut walnut-type singer. While for a good posture, you can choose walnut posture. While opting for a walnut color, yeah live set based on the colors you like.Only, you can choose walnuts in general are usually favored at this time. That is a great posture and a good song. For this choice, of course, you can choose walnut-almond hybrid result of different sub-species, such as cruciferous Yorkshire with Waterslager, or Yorkshire with Timbrado Spanish and others.Tips for selection:Canary fighting style based on body shape and condition of the wing where the fighting style walnut can be grouped into 3 types.

   A. Open style wings ½ or just drop down slightly, with head-shaking menggelang only right-left (which he calls the style of Steve Wonder).
   2. Full open style wing down toward the bottom, with a model fighting her way right and left.
   3. Open style to the front wing, with a model fighting as you go along the right and left.

    * Style 1, is usually performed by a walnut-chestnut with a whole body that looks out of proportion and, if under normal circumstances / no action, the two wings meet to form a pair of scissors crossing and hence, the distance antra wingtip relative to the base of the tail away (not touching). When viewed from the upper body looks like a rectangle with a ratio of length: width = 3:1.
    * Style 2, is usually performed by a walnut with proportionate body length and body when viewed from above looks like a rectangle with a ratio of length: width = 4:1; end of the second feather wings parallel to the rear, straight.
    * Style 3, together with the characteristic style of the owner of 2, denagn difference in the wing tip of the wing feathers parallel to the rear but rather falls down (ngglembreh-Java).Faster than sound based on the thickness of canary feathers:

   A. Walnut with thick hair (which he termed "double coat") tend to be old to be singing to the fullest.
   2. Walnuts with thin hair (which he termed "a feather") reads faster with maximum track performance (Om had Erik, walnuts 7 month already accomplished in three racetrack, thin hairy.Faster than the sound of walnuts by the dominant color in feathers:

   A. Walnuts are the dominant colors bright (white, yellow, orange) tend to be singing the old maximum.
   2. Walnut that has no dominant bright colors (white, yellow, orange) goes faster with a maximum track performance (Om had Erik, 7 month canary-colored bill with the highest color (but do not look dominant) green-yellow.Strengths and weaknesses based on the thickness of canary feathers:

   A. Thick hairy canary / could double over with a twisted rendition of the sound more clearly than a hairy canary / thin because the sound carries very little ditingkahi style (both wings, as well as road-right-left).
   2. Thin hairy canary is more agile and able to rely on style with gunshots.Back to ARTICLES MENU+ How to careCage:Canary cage should be placed in a large size 45 x 45 x 50 cm by 1 cm in diameter were tangkringan of rough wood, but not sharp, such as wood acid. Tangkringan can be arranged in two, with two tangkringan above and one below.Feed:The main thing to consider in terms of feed is a varied menu so that the adequacy of nutrition, vitamins and minerals. Food that is good, but a complete nutrient such as protein, carbohydrates, also full of vitamins like vitamin A, D3, E, B1, B2, B3 (Nicotimanide) B6, B12, C and K3. Also, it should also contain essential substances such as DL Methionine, I-Lysine HCl, Folic Acid (in fact is one form of Vitamin B) and Ca-DIn addition to vitamins, minerals should also be sufficient. Minerals are needed in the blood and bone formation, the balance of body fluids, healthy nerve function, cardiovascular system function, and others. Such as vitamins, minerals function as co-enzymes, allowing the body to perform functions such as energy production, growth and healing.Which includes the necessary minerals are Calcium canaries, Phosphorous, Iron, Manganase, Iodine, Cuprum, Zinccum, Magnesium, Sodium and Potassium Chlorine.Appropriate food for canaries

   A. Mix grains. The main feed is the canary bird seed. But we can deliver grain that has been mixed a lot on the market.
   2. Vegetables and fruits. Canary birds are very fond of vegetables and fruits such as lettuce, leaf lettuce, squash, cucumbers, paprica, carrots, apples, pears, corn.
   3. Eggs and Kroto. In certain circumstances, the second feed is needed to support growth, the vitality of organ functions canary.
   4. Pickles. To meet the need of calcium, these birds need extra calcium intake. Cuttlefish bone can be provided to supplement the needs of the calcium you need.
   5. Dry bread. Besides the above fond of feed-feed, bird Walnuts also like dry bread (do not give dry bread with salt and sugar content is high) ..REFERENCES ON THE TREATMENT OF BIRDS IN GENERAL CAN SEE HEREDaily care and daily settingsDaily care for a canary relatively similar to other types of chirping birds, the key to the success of the daily maintenance routine and consistent.This follows the pattern of daily care and daily setting for a canary:

    * Hours 7:00 aerated birds on the porch. 07:30 hours the bird bath (shower or spray cages, depending on the habits of each bird)
    * Clean the cage daily. Replace or add the Feed and Drinking Water.
    * Provide fresh vegetables or fruit.
    * Drying can be done for 1-2 hours / day starting at 08:00 to 11:00. During drying, the birds should not see the bird kind.
    * Once dried, winds back the bird diteras for 10 minutes, then dikerodong cage.
    * During the day until late afternoon (10:00 to 15:00 hours) with the sound of birds can dimaster master or master birds.
    * 15:30 hours birds diteras aerated again, should be bathed when necessary.
    * Control of Food, Drinking Water, Vegetables and Fruits.
    * 18:00 hours birds back in perdengarkan dikerodong and master sound during the rest period until the next morning.Important

    * Fresh Kroto given 1 teaspoon maximum of 2x a week.
    * Quail eggs can be 2x a week.
    * Variations in the provision of fresh vegetables and fruits is the key to success in the care of canaries.
    * Pickle should always be available in the cage.
    * Pengumbaran umbaran can do at home to 4 hours per day for 4 days a week.
    * Give Multivitamins are mixed in drinking water once a week.Handling of canaries over lust

    * Give the cucumber for 2 consecutive days
    * The frequency of bathing made more frequently, for example, early in the afternoon and evening
    * The duration of drying was reduced to 30 minutes / day
    * Time pengumbaran made more frequent and longerHandling canary drop conditions

    * Give the apple 4 consecutive days
    * Expand the mix of Lin Seed, Niger Seed and grain on feed bijiannya Fumayin.
    * Increase the portion of the provision to be 3 times a week Kroto
    * Mandi made 2 days only
    * Birds to be isolated, do not see and hear the other canary birds first
    * The duration of drying was increased to 2-3 hours / day.
RACE FOR HANDLING + CafeTreatment is actually not much different race with daily care. Maintenance purposes at this stage is to prepare the bird in order to have the desired level of lust is stable and has stamina. Competition is the key to successful treatment of familiar basic character of each bird.The following patterns of care and setting the race for the canary

    * H-3 before the race, give the apple fruit interspersed Kroto.
    * H-2 before the race, the bird should be dried in a maximum of 30 minutes.
    * 1 Hour before the race bushel, give a bird quail eggs.ImportantInstead, H-6 from isolated birds. Do not get to see and hear other canaries.Treatment and post-race canary suitTreatment of post race actually restore function to restore stamina and physical condition of birds.

    * Maintenance and settings restored to their daily feed.
    * Give multivitamins in drinking water at H +1 after the race.
    * Up to H +3 after the race, drying a maximum of 30 minutes ...
+ Care and canary suit moultTime of moult (moulting) was an extremely demanding attention the bird hobbyist. Feathers are lost and replaced during the moult or moult it absorbs 25% of the total protein in the body of the bird. This is why during the moult protein also needs to be added for a quarter of total protein in the body of the bird.Feathers and fur sleeve consists of more than 90% protein, especially proteins called keratins. Protein different from the protein coat on the body and the eggs and require a disproportionate amount of the different amino acids (building blocks of proteins or cells). Birds should be eating foods containing the amino acid type is then absorbed and stored as protein (keratin) specific for hair growth purposes. This process is very important for birds and bird's body must work extra to get enough nutrition to form a perfect feather.When the birds moult, they also require energy to produce new hair. Energy requirements needed to meet protein needs, causing the birds must consume more food during molt in order to maintain new hair growth. For information only, the energy required by birds during the moult two and a half times more than the birds are producing eggs (see for example the explanation on the "moulting in Bird" on the site vetafarm.com the main reference for the article on the subject of this moult).Factors that affect the moult can not be fully understood, because it is very complex. Age of birds, when the moult season, daily weather, hormone levels and reproductive cycle, all the determining factor for the success or failure of birds through the moult.The main thing to remember is that when the birds moult, you must provide adequate feed supplies so that they can develop feathers as perfect as possible.To provide the protein needed for increased production of fur, you should increase the sulfur-containing amino acids such as methionine and cystine. Such proteins can be found in animal flesh. Meat can be given to the most birds in moult in small quantities plus good food supplement. Multivitamin and multimineral supplement that is supposed to contain various vitamins and minerals and amino acids to allow normal growth of hair.Although in general the normal moult, there are some things that are disturbing the birds moult, especially the uneven growth of hair or even hair loss is not (just nyulam).Penggangu include:* Diseases - Viral diseases circovirus (beak and Feather Disease) and polyoma virus is the most common disease that causes difficulty producing bird feathers. Psittacosis chronic, parasitic disorders and bacterial infections of the intestine may also cause hard to grow feathers.* Malnutrition - As described above, the requirements for the course of normal production of fur is indeed very much, and hence less nutritional foods that can cause hair growth that is not qualified (easily broken, easily dull, twist / curls and so on).* Chemical - the use of chemicals often cause hair to grow is not perfect or even damage the fur. One example is a worm on a pigeon repellent substance known as Mebendazole. These chemicals will cause the feathers of birds twist when given during the moult.* Stress - This happens especially for birds that fed / loose by human hands. Human hand can not lead to a new feather fully developed and so forth.What you need to do to a bird can have a new feather as possible?First of all get rid of all worms, mites, microbes and other parasitic pests.Second, make sure none of your bird virus become carriers of germs, such as Polyoma.Third, provide adequate nutrition for the birds molt / moult with a good feed. Just need to remember that good food does not mean that much food, because too much food that contains only carbohydrates for example, will only make the birds undernourished even physically look fat.If you have done all the above and still having problems with the quality of hair you need to speak with a special bird vet.Smart ways to use BirdVitIn regard to this issue are advised to moult the bird hobbyist to provide an additional intake of birds, for example BirdMolting or BirdVit also for birds in the moult. This method is more smart "because it is a multivitamin and multimineral BirdVit indispensable birds during the moult.

    * BirdVit contains almost all the necessary vitamins and minerals birds, such as:
    * Vitamin principal, namely A, D3, E, B1, B2, B3 (Nicotimanide) B6, B12, C and K3.
    * Essential substances such as DL Methionine, I-Lysine HCl, Folic Acid (in fact is one form of Vitamin B) and D-Ca pantothenate.
    * The major minerals such as potassium chloride, sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, iron sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate and cobalt sulfate.Thus, as long as we use to handle the birds moult BirdVit, then we simply provide the portion of feed as in the past without worrying shortage of birds' moult energy future ". Therefore, it is true that the energy required when the birds moult is not only energy but will accumulate as fat as energy for the growth of feathers sulfur-containing amino acids such as methionine and cystine.Care the moult pattern:

    * Place the bird in a quiet place, away from human traffic. Birds should be more in dikerodong conditions.
    * Bath is quite 1x a week and drying a maximum of 30 minutes / day.
    * Provision of additional food portions given more because it is very necessary for the formation of new cells and for the growth of new feathers. For example: Add nger sed seed, vary the provision of fresh vegetables and fruit.
    * Provide quality mltivitamin mixed in drinking water.For mastering their chirping. Moult period makes a lot more birds at rest and listen. This is the time to fill out the sound variations according to what we want. Pemasteran do exactly, adjust the character and type of bird with bird sounds master.

Types of Lovely Pet Birds as Your Home Companion

Some types of pet birds will for instance live for 50 years or more – are you ready for that type of commitment? Other types of pet birds are incredibly noisy (or adorably chatty, if you are the right person for such a bird) and can disturb their keeper as well as any neighbors.

The following are the kinds of lovely pet birds

Finches

All true finches belong to the family Fringillidae, but many types of pet birds from other families have the word finch in their common name since they look similar to the true finches.

Pigeons and doves

Pigeons are one of the oldest types of pet bird and have been kept for thousands of years – as pets, for food, and to deliver messages.

Parrots

There are roughly 370 known species of parrot and many different types of pet birds belong to this group. African greys, budgerigars (“budgies”), parakeets, rosellas, lovebirds, parrotlets, caiques, cockatoos, cockatiels, conures, pionus birds, macaws, and amazons – they are all parrots. All species of Parrots are protected by CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). Fortunately, many parrot species are today successfully bred in captivity which means that you can get this type of pet bird without depleting wild populations.

Amazon Parrot

Amazon parrots comprise the genus Amazona in the parrot family Psittacidae. This type of pet bird is similar to African Grey Parrots in their ability to mimic sounds, including human speech, and their constant need for mental and social stimulation. Amazon parrots are predominantly green but many species sports striking accenting colours.

Caiques

Compared to many other types of pet bird, Caiques are not very good at imitating human speech. 

Canary

Today, there are tree main types of domestic canary: song canaries, colorbred canaries, and type canaries (type canaries are bred for their shape). 

Cockatiels

This bird is also known as Quarrion bird and Weiro bird. Like many other types of pet bird it can bond strongly to its human keeper even when kept with other birds.

Parrotlet

As the name suggests, parrotlets are smaller than most other true parrots and an appreciated type of pet bird among keepers who want a bird that does not require a huge cage.

Parakeet

Many different types of pet bird can be found in this group as well as a lot of wild species that have never been kept as pets. Generally speaking, smaller parrots with long tail feathers are more often referred to as parakeets only, while larger parrots with long tail feather are called parrots and parakeets interchangeably.

Pionus

Pionus is a genus of medium-sized parrots native to Central and South America. These types of pet birds are sometimes confused with Amazon parrots, but Pionus parrots are significantly smaller.